The quake originated in a so-called megathrust fault, where heavy oceanic plates subduct beneath lighter continental plates.“We took a boat all the way from the middle of the island up to Banda Aceh, the hardest hit area, and for hundreds of kilometers it was as if somebody had taken an eraser and erased everything underneath the 20-meter line,” says Titov. BBC Recommended for you Rather than delivering one violent jolt, the quake lasted an unrelenting 10 minutes, releasing as much pent-up power as several thousand atomic bombs.Titov will never forget the scene of widespread devastation he witnessed on Sumatra even months after the tsunami waters had subsided.Titov emphasizes that tsunamis look nothing like the giant surfing break-style waves that many of us imagine.Thailand was next. It’s nearly impossible to imagine the 100-foot roiling mountain of water that engulfed the coastal city of 320,000, instantly killing more than 100,000 men, women and children. “It’s more like the ocean turns into a white water river and floods everything in its path.”The 2004 quake ruptured a 900-mile stretch along the Indian and Australian plates 31 miles below the ocean floor. Curious beachgoers even wandered out among the oddly receding waves, only to be chased down by a churning wall of water. A tsunami that causes damage far away from its source is sometimes called a teletsunami and is much more likely to be produced by the vertical motion of the seabed than by horizontal motion. With waves traveling 500 mph across the Indian Ocean, the tsunami hit the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket an hour and a half later. It’s completely reversed with tsunamis,” says Titov. Vasily Titov is a tsunami researcher and forecaster with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Tsunami Research. He credits the unsparing destructiveness of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami on the raw power of the earthquake that spawned it. In 2004, giant waves swallowed thousands of people in Tamil Nadu's coastal areas like Nagapattinam, Chennai, Cuddalore, Velankanni and Poompuhar. The incredible ibex defies gravity and climbs a dam | Forces of Nature with Brian Cox - BBC - Duration: 3:53. The construction of seawalls and breakwaters reduced the power of waves at some locations.Sri Lanka tsunami height survey:Consequently, tsunami runup heights vary from 5 m (16 ft) to 9 m (30 ft) with inundation distances varying from 44 m (144 ft) to 704 m (2,310 ft).
On December 26, 2004, at 7:59 am local time, an undersea earthquake with a magnitude of 9.1 struck off the coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Despite the time lapse, locals and tourists were caught completely unaware of the imminent destruction. The first tsunami waves initially caused a small flood (positive wave) as it struck the Sri Lankan coastline. The effect was like dropping the world’s largest pebble in the Indian Ocean with ripples the size of mountains extending out in all directions.Once caught in the raging waters, if the currents don’t pull you under, the debris will finish the job.“In earthquakes, a certain number of people die but many more are injured.
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